Improvement in logotypes



W. H. WILKINSON.

,LOGOTYPB No. 106,641. Patented'Aug. 23, 1870.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

IMPROVEMENT IN LOGOTYPES.

Specification iin-ming pnl-t nfl' Letters Patent No. 106,641, dated August 23, 1,870; antedated August l2, 1870.

-'lo all 'whom it may concern: Be it known that I, VILLIAM II. VILKIN- soN, of Southwick,in the county of Hampden and-- State oi lvlassachusetts," have invented `'arran'gin'g types which deals ,mainly with the words and roots, and other combinations, such as constitute a very large proportion ofthe matter in ordinary English composition.

i These words and combinations are classified and tabnlatedacc'ording to their grammatical functions, relations, and sequences, and are arranged in cases according to their relative importance, as Vmeasured by their frequency of recurrence--that is to say, each table of words'.

occupying a position in the cases made con- .perforate eaeh'type to admit of. a core ot the veniently accessible 4to the right hand of the compositor, and near to a central position in proportion to the number of words and combinations usually contributed by said table, to forni the matter in composition.

My present invention consists in the use of india-rubber o'r other elastic material to combine or unite the separate types with sui'cient firmness for the ordinary usage .of composi- Vtion and distribution, and yet allowing them during the heat'employed in the stereotyping process.l I find that rubber can be made to i'uliill all these conditions.l

\Vl1en rubber dissolved in naphtha, or analo gous solvent, is employed in 'connection with type of ordinary material, there is a high degree of adhesion between the gum andthe metal; and I have experimented with much success with a solution ot' india-rubber applied types so smeared 011 their inner sides. v -inode of increasing the body or mass of the elastic material interposed, so as t0 increase to the plane sides of the types to. be united, `and by simply laying properly together Cthe ne the flexibility, is togroove longitudinally the sides of the body ot the types, which groove,

being iilled with the elastic material, either with or Without being perforated or nicled around, as Will be described,- cont-ributes Vto the good effect.

I can-employ the elastic material in the form 'of a jacket or band, or employ several bands or strips, the said bands inclosing and holding l Vtogether the types" arranged side by side, and

the said types being each nicked on both their front and back edges, and the initial and iinal letter of each lcombination being 'also niclged 'or grooved across with a shallow groove .upon their outer sides, so as to form, When placed together, continuous depressions or grooves, extending quite around the combination of letters. These grooves may receive the bands'in suicient strength to hold the types properly together Without causing the bands tofproject beyond the ordinary outer lines of the bodies of the type'. 'v

Another mode of construction may be to elastic material extending throughthe combination of letters. In such case I countersink the holes in the outer face et the initial and'na-l letters, and thus form a head, so-to speak, .to the core. i

Another construction is to both nick around and. perforate, so that there shall be a'band extending around, as first referred to, and also a hole extending through. f

I prefer, so far as convenient, a solution india-rubber or analogous elastic material, ap-

plied so as to render available both the adhesion ofthe entire surfaces oi' the several types in contact, as last described, and .also the increased strength and ilexibibility due to the employment of the same or other elastic material extending around and through the several types. The nicks or cavities maybe produced in the act of casting the types, or, when occasion requires it, they may be made by any suitable slight machine, or by a ille or other.

ordinary tool.' n

Among the advantages secured by this method of combining types are the lhigh degrec of--ease and rapidity withwhieh the wordtypes may be formed at will, the combinations tion also allows the types to be formed without the care and skill that would be required by any previously-known method. They may be made suiciently even and true in line and face by simply resting them in proper position on a iat surface, with their faces against a straight edge, and allowing the rubbir to harden in such position.

,One very important advantage due to the elasticity of the connection is found in the capacity it affords for the type to yield a little. Thus, when in consequence of any of the very veomn'ion causes the type are slightly off their feet7 or otherwise distorted, the several individual types, in the word-types or combinaiions, will yield and act 'about like ordinary separate types. In short, my word-type forms a body sufficiently pliable and susceptible to the usual appliances for sqnaring, tightening, and planing down when standing in the vInat- -ter in composition.

Another great advantage lies in the ease with which any damaged or defective letter may be removed, and the word-type made goed by the substitution otperfeet'lettcrs, as required. l

Another advantage lies in the adaptation of inyinvention to utilize the previously-acquired' stoel; of type: in the hands of the printer. Most printers have a large quantity of type in stock which is only partially worn out, and it involves a very great expense to substitute new type therefor, and the mingling of new type with old is objectionable for lvery well known reasons; also, in the facility it affords I'or getting-back the types to beusc'd separately again by dissolving` on' the rubber when such change is desired. The advantages to be derived from the usey of combinations of letters in word-types and in' parts oi' words are too obvious to require enumeration The accompanying drawn] g forms a part of l this specification.

FiguresI 1, 4, '5, 8, and 9 are cross-sections ot' my compound types made in dierent styles, but all containing` ,one or both of the new features which I claim as my invention.

The remaining igures are on a smaller scale', but still magniied.

All these other figures are longitudinal sections. The figures will be readily understood by mechanics and printers.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

In all, t h e are the metal portions of the Their faces may' several individual types. correspond with this lettering, so that the word-type may produce the word the ln each the rubber is represented by m..

I claim- 1. The employment of two or more individual types of type metal or analogous hard material united by rubber, substantially as herein specified.

2. The within -described construction fof compound types, of two. or more individual types, with the within-described cavities extending around or through the bodies, when used in combination with an elastic-material, m, which fills the cavities and connects the bodies strongly togetheryas herein specified.

Intestimony whereof I have hereunto set myname in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

y W. ll. WILKINSON. Witnesses:

WM. C. DEY, v A. llonnMANN. 

